Cystic fibrosis is described as which of the following?

• A. A genetic disorder present at birth that affects both the respiratory and digestive systems
• B. A chronic allergic disorder
• C. Clouding of the lens
• D. A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities

Answer: (A)

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition caused by mutations in the CFTR gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning it is present from birth. It primarily affects the lungs and digestive system, with thick mucus in the airways leading to respiratory infections and pancreatic insufficiency that causes malabsorption of nutrients. This combination—genetic origin, birth presence, and impact on both respiratory and digestive systems—explains why this description fits. It isn’t a chronic allergic disorder like asthma, nor a clouding of the lens (cataracts), nor a progressive decline in mental abilities like dementia. The key idea is a heritable disease that shows up at birth and targets both breathing and digestion.