A sudden and acute vascular lesion of the brain caused by hemorrhage, embolism, thrombosis, or rupturing blood vessels is called

• A. Gastric ulcer
• B. Tuberculosis
• C. Stroke (cerebrovascular accident [CVA])
• D. Hypertension

Answer: (C)

The main idea here is understanding what a stroke is. A stroke is an abrupt disruption of blood flow to part of the brain, caused by a ruptured or bleeding vessel, or by an blockage from embolism or thrombosis. This sudden vascular event deprives brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients, leading to quick, noticeable symptoms such as weakness or numbness on one side of the body, trouble speaking or understanding speech, vision changes, or difficulty walking. Because the brain needs a constant blood supply, a stroke is a medical emergency where immediate treatment can reduce brain damage. The other options describe different conditions: a gastric ulcer is a stomach issue, tuberculosis is an infection, and hypertension is high blood pressure — important to health but not the acute brain blood-vessel event described.